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1.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 40(3): 260-266, Jul-Sep 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144673

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La metaplasia intestinal gástrica y la gastritis atrófica son condiciones precancerosas conocidas (CPCs) del estómago, lo que significa que los pacientes con CPCs están en riesgo de desarrollar cáncer gástrico y, por lo tanto, el diagnóstico y la categorización de riesgo para estos pacientes es un tema relevante. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar una actualización sobre el problema, el diagnóstico y el manejo de las CPCs con énfasis en el papel de la detección endoscópica adecuada.


ABSTRACT Gastric intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis are a known precancerous condition (PCC) of the stomach, meaning that patients with PCC are at risk for gastric cancer and so, diagnosis and risk categorization for these patients is relevant. The aim of this review is to provide an update regarding the problem, diagnosis, and management of PCCs with an emphasis on the role of appropriate endoscopic detection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stomach/pathology , Gastritis, Atrophic/diagnosis , Intestines/pathology , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Metaplasia/diagnosis
2.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Quito) ; 44(2): 40-46, diciembre 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1366785

ABSTRACT

siendo el test de aliento con urea carbono-14 (C-14) uno de los métodos de diagnóstico no invasivos; sin embar-go, no ha sido comprobada su utilidad en la población ecuatoriana.Objetivo: Evaluar la sensibilidad y especificidad del test de aliento con urea C-14 para predecir la infección por HP en la población ecuatoriana.Métodos: Estudio de Pruebas Diagnósticas realizado en pacientes que acudieron a la consulta externa del servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital Teófilo Dávila de la ciudad de Machala, en el periodo abril 2018 a marzo 2019. Los pacientes se sometieron a una endoscopia superior de luz blanca (ES) con toma de biopsias para investigar la infec-ción por HP; además, se realizó un test de aliento con urea C-14, para compararla con los resultados de las biopsias.Resultados: Se estudiaron 78 pacientes con una edad media de 33.76±11.2 años. El diagnóstico de gastritis se confirmó a través de la ES e histopatología en el 100% de los pacientes. El test de aliento con urea C-14 fue positi-va en 47/78 (60.3%) pacientes. Se demostró evidencia de infección por HP en biopsias gástricas de 50/78 (64.1%) pacientes. La sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP, VPN, observada y la concordancia entre evaluadores fue de 94%, 100%, 100%, 90%, 96% y 92% (P <0.001), respectivamente.Conclusiones: El test de aliento con urea C-14, es una herramienta útil para predecir infección por HP en la población ecuatoriana


Background: Early detection of Helicobacter pylori infection has become more relevant, with urea carbon-14 (C-14) breath test as one of the non-invasive diagnostic methods; however, it has not been proven in Ecuadorian population.Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the C-14 urea breath test to predict HP infection in the Ecuadorian population.Methods: : Study of diagnostic tests performed on patients who attended the outpatient gastroenterology service of the Hospital Teófilo Dávila in the city of Machala, in the period April 2018 to March 2019. The patients underwent an upper endoscopy of white light (WLE) with biopsies taken to investigate HP infection. In addition, a breath test with C-14 urea was performed to compare it with the biopsies results.Results: 78 patients with a mean age of 33.76±11.2 years were studied. The diagnosis of gastritis was confirmed through endoscopy and histopathology in 100% of the patients. The breath test with urea C-14 was positive in 47/78 (60.3%) patients. Evidence of HP infection was demonstrated in gastric biopsies from 50/78 (64.1%) pa-tients. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and inter-rater reliability were 94%, 100%, 100%, 90%, 96%, and 92% (P <0.001), respectively.Conclusions: The C-14 urea breath test is a useful tool for predicting HP infection in the Ecuadorian population


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Urease , Helicobacter pylori , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Biopsy , Carbon Radioisotopes , Ecuador , Endoscopy
3.
Cambios rev. méd ; 18(2): 80-86, 2019/12/27. ilus., graf., tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1099682

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. Desde la aparición del ultrasonido endoscópico, el campo de la gastroenterología y de manera principal, la endoscopia ha evolucionado, permite la realización de múltiples procedimientos, tanto diagnósticos como terapéuticos, con mínimas complicaciones con baja mortalidad. OBJETIVO. Determinar las caracte-rísticas de las lesiones subepiteliales en el tracto digestivo superior, mediante ul-trasonido endoscópico, sus opciones de diagnóstico y tratamiento. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio retrospectivo, de revisión bibliográfica y análisis sistemático de 95 artículos científicos y selección de muestra de 40 encontradas en las bases de datos Medline y PubMed y cuyas fechas de publicación corresponden a los últimos 10 años; el criterio de búsqueda empleado consistió en términos sobre el diagnósti-co y tratamiento de lesiones subepiteliales, mediante ultrasonido endoscópico. RE-SULTADOS. Se evidenció que las lesiones mayores de 1cm, tuvieron alto riesgo de malignización, la cuarta capa fue el sitio más frecuente de localización de este tipo de lesiones. La histopatología fue el método complementario confirmatorio. CON-CLUSIÓN. El ultrasonido endoscópico fue el método de elección para caracterizar y evaluar las lesiones subepiteliales, sean estas sintomáticas o incidentales, el acceso al mismo fue limitado.


INTRODUCTION. Since the appearance of endoscopic ultrasound, the field of gas-troenterology and, in a main way, endoscopy has evolved, allowing the performance of multiple procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, with minimal complications with low mortality. OBJECTIVE. To determine the characteristics of subepithelial le-sions in the upper digestive tract, using endoscopic ultrasound, its diagnostic and treatment options. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Retrospective, literature review and systematic analysis of 95 scientific articles and sample selection of 40 found in the Medline and PubMed databases and whose publication dates correspond to the last 10 years; The search criteria used consisted of terms on the diagnosis and treatment of subepithelial lesions, by endoscopic ultrasound. RESULTS. It was shown that le-sions larger than 1 cm, had a high risk of malignancy, the fourth layer was the most frequent site of location of this type of lesions. Histopathology was the complemen-tary confirmatory method. CONCLUSION. Endoscopic ultrasound was the method of choice to characterize and evaluate subepithelial lesions, whether symptomatic or incidental, access to it was limited.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Therapeutics , Ultrasonics , Biopsy, Needle , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Gastrointestinal Tract , Intestinal Mucosa , MEDLARS , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Endoscopy , Gastroenterology
4.
Rev. inf. cient ; 98(3): 374-385, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1021978

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la calidad de la formación del residente es una exigencia social. Objetivo: diseñar una vía para favorecer la apropiación del diagnóstico laparoscópico (DL) por el residente de Gastroenterología (RG) desde la perspectiva de habilidad profesional. Método: se realizó un estudio con enfoque cualitativo en la Facultad de Medicina de Guantánamo durante el curso 2018-2019. Se emplearon métodos teóricos (analíticosintético e inductivo-deductivo, modelación); empíricos (análisis documental, la encuesta, criterio de especialistas) y matemáticos estadísticos (cálculo de porcentajes). Resultados: el 100 por ciento de los profesores encuestados reconocieron que se manifiestan insuficiencias en la preparación del RG para la realización del DL, en lo que influyó la limitada percepción del DL como habilidad para el gastroenterólogo. Se modeló teóricamente el desarrollo de la habilidad diagnóstico laparoscópico y el 100 por ciento de los profesores consultados consideraron que podría ser instrumentado en la práctica pedagógica. Conclusiones: se modeló didácticamente la preparación del residente para la realización del diagnóstico laparoscópico, lo que puede contribuir a un cambio didácticometodológico cualitativamente superior en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la especialización en Gastroenterología(AU)


Introduction: the quality of the resident's education is a social requirement. Objective: to design a way to favor the appropriation of laparoscopic diagnosis (DL) by the resident of gastroenterology (RG) from the perspective of professional skill. Method: a qualitative study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine of Guantánamo during the 2018- 2019 academic year. Theoretical methods were used (analytic-synthetic and inductive-deductive, modeling); empirical (documentary analysis, the survey, criteria of specialists) and statistical mathematicians (calculation of percentages). Results: 100 per cent of the professors surveyed acknowledged that insufficiencies were manifested in the preparation of the GR for the realization of DL, which was influenced by the limited perception of laparoscopic diagnosis (DL) as a skill for the gastroenterologist. The development of the laparoscopic diagnostic skill was theoretically modeled and 100 per cent of the professors consulted considered that it could be instrumented in the pedagogical practice. Conclusions: the preparation of the resident was modeled didactically for laparoscopic diagnosis, which can contribute to a qualitatively superior didactic-methodological change in the teaching-learning process in the specialization in Gastroenterology(AU)


Introdução: a qualidade da educação do residente é uma exigência social. Objetivo: conceber uma forma de favorecer a apropriação do diagnóstico laparoscópico (DL) pelo residente de gastroenterologia (GP) na perspectiva da habilidade profissional. Método: um estudo qualitativo foi realizado na Faculdade de Medicina de Guantánamo durante o ano letivo de 2018-2019. Métodos teóricos foram utilizados (analítico-sintético e indutivo-dedutivo, modelagem); empírica (análise documental, a pesquisa, critérios de especialistas) e matemáticos estatísticos (cálculo de porcentagens). Resultados: 100 por cento dos professores pesquisados reconheceram que as inadequações se manifestaram no preparo do GR para a realização do DL, no qual a limitada percepção do diagnóstico laparoscópico (DL) como habilidade do gastroenterologista influenciou. O desenvolvimento da habilidade diagnóstica laparoscópica foi modelado teoricamente e 100 por cento dos professores consultados consideraram que ela poderia ser instrumentada na prática pedagógica. Conclusões: a preparação do morador foi modelada didaticamente para o diagnóstico laparoscópico, o que pode contribuir para uma mudança didáticometodológica qualitativamente superior no processo de ensinoaprendizagem na especialização em Gastroenterologia(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Professional Competence , Laparoscopy/education , Laparoscopy/methods , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Gastroenterology
5.
Rev. Hosp. El Cruce ; (20): 1-7, 20170711.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-946437

ABSTRACT

ANTECEDENTES: la colangiografía endoscópica enfrenta el desafío del control de costos en un área de constantes avances tecnológicos. La reutilización es el uso de un dispositivo médico más veces de las especificadas por el fabricante. Esta práctica se halla precedida por las maniobras de reprocesamiento y amparada por la legislación vigente. OBJETIVOS: cuantificar la reducción en el costo de los insumos y evaluar las complicaciones. Método: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y análisis sobre minimización de costos comparando la reutilización de dispositivos médicos con el uso único de los mismos. RESULTADOS: durante un período de tres meses se realizaron 144 estudios. Con la estrategia de reutilización, se utilizaron: 9 papilótomos, 12 guías hidrofílica, 3 canastillas de Dormia, 4 balones extractor, 5 balones dilatadores y 2 cuchillos de precorte. Representó un costo total de U$ 10 943 (promedio de costo de materiales por cada estudio: U$ 76). Con la estrategia de uso único se hubieran utilizado: 144 papilótomos, 144 alambres guías, 24 canastillas de Dormia, 20 balones dilatadores, 72 balones extractores y 24 agujas de precorte. Esta estrategia hubiera generado un costo total de U$ 126 280 (promedio por estudio U$ 877). Al comparar los valores entre ambas estrategias observamos una minimización significativa en el costo (p< 0.001). No se registraron complicaciones. Conclusión: Con la estrategia de reutilización de los DM los costos se minimizaron significativamente sin generarse complicaciones


BACKGROUND: cost control is challenging endoscopic cholangiography in an area of constant technological advances. Reusing is using a medical device more times than what was specified by the manufacturer. This practice is preceded by reprocessing maneuvers and protected by the applicable laws. OBJECTIVES: to quantify the cost reduction of supplies and assess the complications. Method: a prospective descriptive study and an analysis of cost minimization by comparing the reuse and the single use of medical devices. Results: 144 studies were conducted during a period of three months. The reuse strategy included: 9 papillotomes, 12 hydrophilic guide wires, 3 Dormia baskets, 4 balloon extraction catheters, 5 balloon dilatation catheters and 2 pre-cut knives. It accounted for a total cost of USD 10,943 (average cost of materials per study: USD 76). The single-use strategy would have included: 144 papillotomes, 144 hydrophilic guide wires, 24 Dormia baskets, 20 balloon extraction catheters, 72 balloon dilatation catheters and 24 pre-cut needle knives. This strategy would have amounted to a total cost of USD 126,280 (average per study: USD 877). By comparing the values of both strategies, a significant minimization is seen in the cost (p< 0.001). No complications were seen. CONCLUSION: the strategy for reusing MD involveda significant minimization of costs without causing any complications.


Subject(s)
Cholangiography , Costs and Cost Analysis , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Materials Management, Hospital , Recycling
6.
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery ; (12): 34-39, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-303914

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop the prediction model of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) classification of critically ill patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The binary channel gastrointestinal sounds (GIS) monitor system was used to gather and analyze the GIS of 60 consecutive critically ill patients who were admitted in Critical Care Medicine of PLA General Hospital from April 2015 to November 2015 (patients with chronic gastrointestinal disease or history of gastrointestinal surgery were excluded). Meanwhile, the AGI grades were evaluated according to the ESICM guidelines of AGI grading system. Correlations between GIS and AGI classification were examined with Spearman rank correlation. Then principal component analysis was performed on the significantly correlated parameters after standardization. The top 3 post-normalized main components were selected for back-propagation (BP) neural network training to establish primary AGI grade model of critically ill patients based on the neural network model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1 132 GIS and 333 AGI were collected from 60 patients. The number (P = 0.0005), percentage of time (P = 0.0004), mean power (P = 0.0088), maximum power (P = 0.0101) and maximum time (P = 0.0025) of GIS wave from the channel located at the stomach were negatively correlated with the AGI grades, while the parameters of GIS wave from the channel located at the intestine had no significant correlation with the AGI grades(all P > 0.05). Three main components were selected after principal component analysis of these five correlated parameters. An AGI grade network model including 9 hide layers, with a fitting degree of 0.981 64 was built by BP artificial neural network based on the analysis of these three main components of GIS. The accuracy rate of the model to predict the AGI grade was 70.83%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The preliminary model based on GIS in classifying AGI grade is established successfully, which can help predict the classification of AGI grade of critically ill patients.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , Abdominal Injuries , Classification , Diagnosis , Auscultation , Methods , Computer Simulation , Critical Care , Methods , Critical Illness , Classification , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Methods , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Models, Biological , Neural Networks, Computer , Predictive Value of Tests
10.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 35(2): 78-87, abr.-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: verificar os benefícios do método de colonoscopia com água versus ar, e esclarecer as limitações dos estudos e revisões sistemáticas preexistentes em relação à taxa e tempo de intubação cecal, taxa de detecção de adenomas, duração da colonoscopia, e incidência de dor. Método: revisão sistemática da literatura sem metanálise. Resultados: em relação à taxa de intubação cecal, não houve aumento significante com o método de água; o tempo de intubação cecal foi significantemente mais longo com o método de água em dois estudos; a taxa de detecção de adenomas apresentou-se numericamente maior, sem apresentar diferença significante; a duração total do exame foi significantemente maior no método de água em apenas um estudo; em relação à dor, houve redução significativa da dor no método com água em relação ao método com insuflação de ar. Conclusão: o principal benefício do método de colonoscopia com infusão de água é a redução significativa da dor durante o procedimento, entretanto, foram encontrados diversos problemas em relação aos dez estudos avaliados e às revisões sistemáticas preexistentes. Concluiu-se pela necessidade de maiores pesquisas para confirmação dos dados.


Objective: to check the benefits of water colonoscopy method versus air insuflation colonoscopy method, and clarify the limitations of the pre-existing studies and systematic reviews in relation to the cecal intubation rate and time, adenoma detection rate, procedural time, and pain incidence. Method: systematic literature review without meta-analysis. Results: regarding the cecal intubation rate, the water method does not show significant increase; cecal intubation time was significantly longer with the water method, in two studies; the adenomas detection rate had presented numerically greater, although there was no significant difference; total colonoscopy procedural time was significantly greater in water method, only in one study; in relation to pain, there was a statistically significant reduction in pain with water method, compared to the air insufflation method. Conclusion: the main benefit of the water colonoscopy method is significant reduction in pain during the procedure. However, several problems were found in the ten assessed studies and in pre-existing systematic reviews. We concluded by the need for further research to confirm the data.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colonoscopy , Colonoscopy/methods , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Pain Measurement
12.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 26(1): 8-11, mar. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-973143

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La aparición de la ecografía endoanal 360º significó un cambio importante en la Coloproctología de los últimos 20 años.1 Ha ganado popularidad por ser mínimamente invasivo, indoloro y costo/efectivo si se compara con otros estudios por imágenes. Además, es habitualmente realizada por un Coloproctólogo y puede formar parte del examen en la consulta. Objetivo: Comunicar la experiencia de nuestro grupo en el diagnóstico de diferentes patologías anorrectales mediante la utilización del método. Población y métodos: Entre noviembre de 2010 y abril de 2014 realizamos 978 ecografías endoanales de 360º. Las variables analizadas fueron: estudios realizados según diagnósticos de sospecha; variación en la cantidad de estudios solicitados y realizados durante el periodo establecido; especialidad del médico que solicita el estudio. Resultados: En cuanto al diagnóstico sospechado por el médico derivante, de los 978 estudios, 422 (43,1%) correspondieron a fístulas perianales, 311 (31,79%) ecografías fueron realizadas por diagnóstico de incontinencia anal, 93 (9,5%) como evaluación esfinteriana preoperatoria, 48 (4,9%) por proctalgia crónica, 7 (0,71%) fístulas ano-recto-vaginales, y 20 (2,04%) por otras sospechas diagnósticas (disinergias del piso pelviano, control postoperatorio, etc.). En cuanto a la variación de la cantidad de estudios en el tiempo, se realizaron 8 procedimientos en 2010, 146 durante 2011, 254 en 2012, 402 ecografías en 2013 y 168 durante los primeros meses de 2014. En cuanto a la especialidad acreditada por los médicos que prescribieron el estudio, el 84,1% (823) correspondía a cirujanos colorrectales, el 6,64% (65) a cirujanos generales, el 3,6% (36) a gastroenterólogos, el 2,4% (24) a ginecólogos y el 2,04% (20) a otros. Fueron excluidas del presente trabajo las ecografías realizadas para estadificar o reestadificar los tumores del recto inferior y el ano (22 estudios)...


Background: The appeareance of the 360º endoanal ultrasonography as a diagnostic method an improvement for coloproctology in the last 20 years.(1) It has been gaining popularity in virtue of being minimally invasive, painless and cost/effective, especially when compared to other methods. Furthermore, it is mainly realized by coloproctologists, making it almost part of the physical exam at the consult. Objective: To communicate our experience at the diagnostic of different anorectal pathologies. Population and methods: Between November 2010 and April 2014, we performed 978 studies with the 360º endoanal ultrasound. All of the studies were done with the same equipment and by the same operator. We analyzed the followings variables: Studies performed according to different initials diagnostics; variation in the number of studies requested and performed during the 4 years period; specialty of the primary physician who requested the study. Results: From 978 studies performed, 422 (43,1%) correspond to fistula in ano, 311 (31,79%) to anal incontinence, 93 (9,5%) were done for preoperative evaluation of the anal sphincter, 48 (4,9%) for chronic anal pain, 7 (0,71%) for recto vaginal fistula, and 20 (2,04%) for other presumed diagnostics (pelvic floor dyssynergia, post operatory control). As regards to the variation of the number of studies requested during this 4 years period we found that during 2010 we performed 8 procedures, 146 during 2011, 254 in 2012, 402 in 2013 and 168 during the firsts months of 2014. In relation to the specialty of the primary physician who requested the study, 84,1% (823) were solicited by coloproctologists, 6,64% (65) by general surgeons, 3,6% (36) by gastroenterologists, 2,4% (24) by gynecologists, and 2,04% (20) by other specialists. Studies performed for rectal and anal tumors staging (22 studies...


Subject(s)
Humans , Anus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Endosonography/instrumentation , Endosonography/methods , Rectal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Argentina , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System/instrumentation , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Ultrasonography/instrumentation , Ultrasonography/methods
13.
J. bras. med ; 102(4)julho - agosto 2014. graf, ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-725929

ABSTRACT

Retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica (RCU) e doença de Crohn (DC) são consideradas as principais doenças inflamatórias intestinais idiopáticas (DIIs). De etiologia ainda desconhecida, evoluem, clinicamente, por surtos recorrentes, intercalando episódios de atividade inflamatória, acompanhados de manifestações digestivas e extradigestivas, com períodos de remissão, ambos imprevisíveis...


Nonspecific ulcerative recolitis (NUC) and Chron's Disease (CD) are considered the mainly idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Etiology unknown, the nonspecific ulcerative recolitis has a clinical proceed, by recurrent outbreaks, episodes of intercalated inflammatory activity, following by digestive and extra digestive symptoms, with period of remission, both of them are unpredictable...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/epidemiology , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy , Anemia/etiology , Appendectomy/adverse effects , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnostic Imaging , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Disease Outbreaks , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Smoking/adverse effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Salicylates/therapeutic use , Clinical Laboratory Techniques
14.
GEN ; 67(3): 145-149, sep. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702767

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE) es una condición crónica caracterizada por el reflujo del contenido gástrico hacia el esófago, ocasionando síntomas molestos y complicaciones. Recientemente, se ha propuesto un cuestionario diagnóstico de reflujo gastroesofágico (GERDQ) con una sensibilidad del 82% y especificidad 84%, respectivamente. Determinar la utilidad del GERDQ en diagnóstico de enfermedad de reflujo gastroesofágico en un centro de salud privado de cuarto nivel. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, basado en la aplicación del cuestionario GERDQ a una población de 335 trabajadores personal de salud y administrativo de un centro de salud privado de cuarto nivel, de febrero a abril 2012. El registro de datos y tratamiento estadístico se hizo a través SPSS 7.5.2S para Windows. 335 individuos respondieron el cuestionario, edades comprendidas entre 18 y 60 años, se excluyeron 35, el 67% fue de género femenino, en 55 individuos (18,66%) la probalidad de ERGE fue de 0%, en 156 (52,00%) fue de 50%, en 65 (21,66%) fue de 79%, y 24 individuos (8,00%), fue 89% de probabilidad de ERGE. El GERDQ es una herramienta útil y sencilla para determinar la probabilidad diagnóstica de ERGE


Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition that occurs when reflux content from the stomach is the cause of bothersome symptoms and/or complications. It can be diagnosed based on symptoms through a GERD questionnaire (GERDQ), with a reported sensibility of 82% and specificity of 84%. To determine the prevalence of GERD in a private medical center in Caracas from February to April, 2012. Descriptive, cross sectional study, based on the application of a validated questionnaire. Population was represented by the health care and administrative personnel of health care center in Caracas. 335 subjects completed the questionnaire. Ages ranged from 18 to 60 years, 35 subjects were excluded. 67% were female. In 56 (18,66%) subjects, GERD probability was 0%, in 156 (52,00%), probability was 50%, in 65 (21,66%) probability was 79% and in 24 (8,00%) subjects, probability was 89%. The GERDQ is a useful and simple tool to determine the diagnostic probability of ERGE


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Validation Studies as Topic , Gastroenterology
15.
GEN ; 67(3): 175-180, sep. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702773

ABSTRACT

El sangrado digestivo oscuro constituye un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico para el gastroenterólogo debido a la complejidad de su manejo y asociación con elevada morbi-mortalidad. El advenimiento de nuevas herramientas diagnósticas tales como la cápsula endoscópica, enteroscopia asistida por balones y enterografía (TAC, RM), cambiaron de forma definitiva la comprensión y abordaje de esta situación clínica, generando con ello nuevas estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas que en la actualidad resultan costo efectivas. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en la base de datos Medline (Pubmed) (1995-2013) de los artículos originales publicados en el idioma inglés, tomando en consideración las palabras claves, "sangrado digestivo oscuro", "hemorragia digestiva", "sangrado digestivo oculto", "cápsula endoscópica", "enteroscopia". El objetivo de este artículo consiste en hacer una revisión del abordaje diagnóstico del sangrado digestivo oscuro


Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the gastroenterologist due to the complexity of it´s management and it´s association with high morbidity and mortality. The advent of new diagnostic tools such as capsule endoscopy, balloon assisted enteroscopy and enterography (CT,MR) permanently changed the understanding and approach to this clinical situation, thereby generating new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that are currently cost effective. We conducted a literature review in Medline (PubMed) (1995 to 2013) of the original articles published in the English language, taking into consideration the key words, "obscure gastrointestinal bleeding," "gastrointestinal bleeding", "occult gastrointestinal bleeding", "capsule endoscopy", "balloon assisted by enteroscopy". The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the diagnostic approach of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding


Subject(s)
Female , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Capsule Endoscopy/methods , Double-Balloon Enteroscopy/methods , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Hemorrhage/pathology , Gastroenterology
16.
GEN ; 67(2): 71-75, jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-690964

ABSTRACT

La endoscopia estándar no diagnostica infección por Helicobacter pylori. Con magnificación y "Flexible Spectral Imaging Colour Enhancement" (FICE) se observan patrones de mucosa gástrica que sugieren su presencia. Diagnosticar infección por Helicobacter pylori con magnificación endoscópica y "Flexible Spectral Imaging Colour Enhancement" (FICE). Previo consentimiento se incluyeron a los individuos con indicación electiva de endoscopia digestiva superior. Se realizó endoscopia digestiva superior con equipo Fujinon Inc. EG 590 ZW, y procesador EPX 4400. En ambas caras del cuerpo gástrico se realizó consecutivamente: a) alta resolución, b) magnificación, c) alta resolución, d)FICE, e)magnificación y f) biopsia en el antro y del patrón mas prevalente en cada cara del cuerpo evaluadas sin información del paciente. Todo el procedimiento se grabó, se fotografió y se guardó en JPEG en programa Power Point. Se evaluaron 60 áreas en 30 pacientes: 10 hombres y 20 mujeres con edades de 20-82 años y promedio 49,60 años. Solo magnificación y FICE identificaron los patrones de mucosa en cuerpo gástrico. En 37,03% se diagnosticó Helicobacter pylori con histología, 53,33% y 61,11% en patrón Z2 y Z3 respectivamente. La magnificación y FICE permiten identificar los patrones de mucosa gástrica que sugieren infección por Helicobacter pylori


Helicobacter pylori infection is not diagnosed with standard endoscopy. With high resolution and magnification patterns of gastric mucosa suggesting its presence are observed. Diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection with endoscopic magnification and "Flexible Spectral Imaging Colour Enhancement" (FICE). Individuals scheduled to undergo routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed with Fujinon Inc. 590 EG ZW and EPX 4400 processor. Endoscopy was practiced on both sides of the gastric body consecutively with: a) high-resolution, b) magnification, c) high-resolution, d) FICE, e) magnification and g) biopsy of the antrum and the pattern more prevalent on each side of the body evaluated without patient information. The entire procedure was recorded, was photographed and was saved in JPEG in program Power Point. 60 Areas in 30 patients were evaluated: 10 men and 20 women with ages of 20-82 years and average 49.60. Only magnification and FICE identified patterns of mucosa in gastric body. Helicobacter pylori was diagnosed in 37.03% with histology and in pattern Z2 and Z3 in 53.33% and 61.11% respectively. The endoscopic magnification and Flexible Spectral Imaging Colour Enhancement (FICE) identify patterns of gastric mucosa suggesting Helicobacter pylori infection


Subject(s)
Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Gastritis/diagnosis , Gastritis/pathology , Gastritis/virology , Helicobacter pylori/virology , Radiographic Magnification/methods , Gastric Mucosa , Diagnostic Equipment , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Gastroenterology
17.
GEN ; 66(1): 30-34, mar. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-664191

ABSTRACT

El proceso de formación y validación de la capacidad individual para analizar imágenes de cápsula endoscópica no ha sido bien estudiado. Evaluar la eficacia de un modelo de entrenamiento rápido en cápsula endoscópica de intestino delgado que permita a endoscopistas sin experiencia en esta técnica, el reconocimiento de lesiones de significación patológica. Se realizó un estudio piloto para validar el diseño de un modelo de entrenamiento rápido. En el estudio participaron 10 endoscopistas. Se seleccionaron 30 video-clips y se estructuraron 2 módulos de reconocimiento al inicio y cierre de la actividad y una sesión didáctica intermedia. En formularios de respuestas múltiples se recogieron las respuestas. Se evaluó la precisión diagnóstica alcanzada antes y después del entrenamiento, midiendo así el impacto en la habilidad de los participantes para detectar lesiones. La precisión diagnóstica de la prueba previa al inicio del programa fue del 51%, frente al 65% en el post-test. Una sesión didáctica corta no parece ser suficiente para lograr el adecuado reconocimiento de las lesiones en cápsula endoscópica, sugiriendo la necesidad de revisar la estructura de los módulos o utilizar este modelo como fase inicial en la enseñanza de la técnica


The validation and training process on the capacity to analyze images in capsule endoscopy has not been studied completely. Evaluate the efficacy of a rapid training model in C.E. in small bowel that allows the inexperienced endoscopist, to be able to recognize relevant lesions with this technique. A pilot study to validate a rapid model training design. Ten endoscopists participated in this study. Thirty videos were selected. Two modules of recognition were structured at the beginning and at the end of the activity, with a didactic session in between. A multiple answer quetionary was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the endoscopists at the beginning and at the end of training, measuring the impact in the ability to detect lesions using CE. The diagnostic accuracy in the pre-test at the beginning of the program was 51%, compared to 65% in the post-test at the end. Using a short time didactic session is not enough to achieve an appropriate recognition of lesions with capsule endoscopy, suggesting the necessity of structuring new models, or using this one as an initial phase for teaching this technique


Subject(s)
Female , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Capsule Endoscopy/methods , Capsule Endoscopy , Intestine, Small , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System , Gastroenterology
19.
Ces med. vet. zootec ; 6(2): 91-102, jul.-dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-648241

ABSTRACT

La obesidad es definida como la acumulación excesiva de grasa en el tejido adiposo del cuerpo, que se corresponde con un consumo inadecuado de energía y proteína lo que ocasiona un balance positivo de energía. El sobrepeso y la obesidad afectan a cerca del 25% de los perros, su presentación puede variar entre el 20 y 45% de la población canina que visita los centros y clínicas veterinarias de varios países occidentales y de Australia y, por lo tanto, se leconsidera una enfermedad nutricional común en los animales de compañía (perros y gatos). Los factores de riesgorelacionados con la obesidad incluyen la genética, la raza, la edad, la actividad física, el tipo de alimento consumidoy la castración, entre otros. El objetivo de esta revisión es realizar una aproximación al problema de la obesidadde los perros y gatos, sus factores de riesgo y su manejo integral, además de proponer un método sencillo paraestablecer la cantidad de alimento a suministrar a cada paciente de acuerdo con su estado fisiológico.


Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue of the body which results froman inappropriate consumption of energy and protein leading to a positive energy balance. Excess weight andobesity affect about 25% of dogs, a percentage that may vary between 20 and 45% of the dog populationpresenting for consultation in centers and veterinary clinics in several Western countries and Australia. Obesityis thus considered a nutritional disease common in companion animals (dogs and cats). Risk factors associatedwith obesity include genetics, breed, age, physical activity, the type of food consumed, and castration, amongstothers. This review intends to address the problem of obesity, its risk factors in dogs and cats and theircomprehensive management. Additionally, a simple procedure is proposed for establishing the precise quantity of daily food to be provided to each patient according to their physiological condition.


A obesidade é definida como acúmulo excessivo de gordura no tecido adiposo do corpo que resulta de um consumoinadequado de energia e proteína levando a um balanço energético positivo. O excesso de peso e a obesidade afetam cerca de 25% dos cães, sua apresentação pode variar entre 20 e 45% da população canina que visitam os centros eclínicas veterinárias em vários países ocidentais e na Austrália, por tanto, é considerada um desordem nutricionalcomum em animais de companhia (cães e gatos). Fatores de risco associados à obesidade incluem genética, raça,idade, atividade física, o tipo de alimento consumido, a castração, entre outros. O objetivo desta revisão é abordar o problema da obesidade em cães e gatos, seus fatores de risco e sua gestão integrada, além de propor um método simples para estabelecer a quantidade exata de alimento a ser oferecida para cada paciente de acordo com sua condição fisiológica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Animal Feed , Animal Nutrition Sciences , Diagnosis , Feeding Methods/veterinary , Obesity/veterinary , Overweight/diagnosis , Overweight/veterinary , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System/veterinary , Animal Diseases/metabolism , Leptin
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